Physical Sciences

The disciplines that study non-living matter, energy and their interactions at every scale, from the crystal lattice to the particle collider: astronomy, astrophysics, biophysics, chemistry, cosmology, crystallography, materials science, nuclear physics, particle physics, physics, solid-state physics and thermodynamics. Excludes earth science's own physics-flavored fields such as geophysics and seismology, which study a single body, the Earth, rather than matter and energy in general, and are grouped under Earth Sciences instead.