Oceanography

Modern oceanography began with the Challenger Expedition between 1872 and 1876. It was the first expedition organized specifically to gather data on a wide range of ocean features, including ocean temperatures seawater chemistry, currents, marine life, and the geology of the seafloor.

Marie Tharp (July 30, 1920, August 23, 2006) was an American geologist and oceanographic cartographer. In the 1950s, she collaborated with geologist Bruce Heezen to produce the first scientific map of the Atlantic Ocean floor.

Infobox fields: Oceanography, geophysics

Infobox fields: Geology; paleoclimatology; oceanography

Matthew Fontaine Maury (January 14, 1806February 1, 1873) was an American oceanographer and naval officer, serving the United States and then joining the Confederacy during the American Civil War.

Henry Bryant Bigelow (October 3, 1879, December 11, 1967) was an American oceanographer and marine biologist.

Sylvia Alice Earle (born August 30, 1935) is an American marine biologist, oceanographer, explorer, writer, and lecturer.

Thomas Wayland Vaughan (September 20, 1870, January 16, 1952) was an American geologist and oceanographer.

William Maurice "Doc" Ewing (May 12, 1906 - May 4, 1974) was an American geophysicist and oceanographer.

Henry Melson Stommel (September 27, 1920, January 17, 1992) was a major contributor to the field of physical oceanography.

is an American oceanographer

Dietz, born in Westfield, New Jersey, was a marine geologist, geophysicist and oceanographer who conducted pioneering research along with Harry Hammond Hess concerning seafloor spreading, published as early as 1960-1961.