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Instrument

Barometer

Earth Sciences

A barometer measures atmospheric pressure. Evangelista Torricelli built the first mercury barometer in 1643-44, filling a glass tube with mercury and inverting it into a dish, and correctly concluded that the changing height of the mercury column tracked changes in the weight of the air above it.

Facts
Invented Year
1643 2
Measures
Atmospheric pressure. 1
Operating Principle
A column of mercury in a sealed tube is balanced against the weight of the atmosphere pressing on an open mercury reservoir, so the mercury column rises and falls as air pressure changes. 1
Operating Range
Average atmospheric pressure varies between about 940 and 1040 hectopascals (millibars) at sea level; mercury barometers typically read between about 670 and 800 millimeters of mercury. 1
Open Questions
Resolution
Not stated as a numeric figure in the cited source.
No explicit resolution or precision figure is given by the cited source for the barometer.
Classification
Instrument Class
Measurement or Metrology Instrument 1
Connections

Invented By

Built the first mercury barometer in 1643 to 44, following a suggestion from Galileo, producing the first sustained vacuum.

Source Mercury Barometer (Britannica)

Used In

Source Mercury Barometer (Britannica)
Physics, Disciplines
Source Mercury Barometer (Britannica)
Sources
1. Barometer (Wikipedia)
Wikipedia
  • Introduction
    A barometer is a scientific instrument that is used to measure air pressure.
  • Mercury barometers section
    Mercury in the tube adjusts until the weight of it balances the atmospheric force exerted on the reservoir.
  • Introduction / Mercury barometers section
    The average atmospheric pressure on the Earth's surface varies between 940 and 1040 hPa (mbar).
  • Lede, instrument class
    A barometer measures atmospheric pressure.
View the Source
2. Mercury Barometer (Britannica)
Encyclopaedia BritannicaView the Source

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