Reproducibility

Reproducibility is the requirement that an independent researcher, given the original data and the same analysis method, can obtain the same result; it is distinct from replicability, which asks whether a fresh study, run independently with new data, gets the same finding. Together they are the check that keeps a published result from resting only on one team's word: a result nobody else can reproduce or replicate has not really been confirmed by the scientific community at all, whatever its original authors believed. Since the early 2010s the recognition that this check fails far more often than assumed across psychology, medicine and other fields has been documented and named the reproducibility crisis, its own concept entry below.