James Prescott Joule (1818 to 1889) was an English physicist who established that heat, mechanical work and electrical energy are interconvertible in a fixed proportion, the mechanical equivalent of heat. His experiments, most famously a falling weight driving a paddle wheel through insulated water, gave the first law of thermodynamics its experimental foundation and helped overturn the caloric theory of heat.
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1. James Prescott Joule (Britannica)
Encyclopaedia Britannica
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