Albert Claude

Albert Claude (1899 to 1983) was a Belgian-American cell biologist and medical doctor who shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1974 with Christian de Duve and George Emil Palade. Born at Longlier, he earned his Doctor of Medicine degree at the University of Liège in 1928 and in 1929 joined the Rockefeller Institute in New York, where, at what became Rockefeller University, he made his most groundbreaking achievements in cell biology. In 1930 he developed the technique of cell fractionation, by which he discovered the agent of the Rous sarcoma and components of cell organelles such as the mitochondrion, chloroplast, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, ribosome and lysosome. He was the first to employ the electron microscope in biology and in 1945 published the first detailed structure of the cell.