Mathematics

is known for her contributions to astronomy, mathematics, and poetry

was a Greek mathematician

was an Italian mathematician

A mathematical proof is a deductive argument for a mathematical statement, showing that the stated assumptions logically guarantee the conclusion.

Infobox fields: Physics, mathematics

Infobox fields: Mathematics physics

Infobox fields: Mathematics, astronomy, celestial mechanics

Infobox fields: Astronomy, mathematics

Infobox fields: Astronomy, hydraulic engineering, mathematics

Infobox fields: Mathematics, logic, formal language

Infobox fields: Mathematics

Infobox fields: Mathematics

Infobox fields: Mathematics

Infobox fields: Mathematics; Physics; Geography; Astronomy; Medicine; Philosophy

Infobox fields: Mathematics ; Aerodynamics

Infobox fields: Mathematics

Infobox fields: Mathematics

Infobox fields: Pure mathematics, mathematical physics, foundations of mathematics

Infobox fields: Mathematics; Theoretical computer science; Computational learning theory; Theoretical neuroscience

Infobox fields: Mathematics; Computer science

Infobox fields: Mathematics, statistics

Infobox fields: Mathematics, mathematical physics

Infobox fields: class=nowrap Mathematics Physics Computing Cellular automata endplainlist

Sir Hermann Bondi (1 November 1919-10 September 2005) was an Austrian-British mathematician and cosmologist.

John Hadley (16 April 1682 - 14 February 1744) was an English mathematician, and laid claim to the invention of the octant, two years after Thomas Godfrey claimed the same.

Blaise Pascal (19June 162319August 1662) was a French mathematician, physicist, inventor, philosopher, and Catholic writer.

Christiaan Huygens, Lord of Zeelhem (14 April 1629-8 July 1695) was a Dutch mathematician, physicist, engineer, astronomer, and inventor who is regarded as a key figure in the Scientific Revolution.

Freeman John Dyson (15 December 1923-28 February 2020) was a British-American theoretical physicist and mathematician who worked in quantum field theory, astrophysics, random matrices, mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics, condensed matter physics, nuclear physics, and engineering.

Creola Katherine Johnson (, previously Goble; August 26, 1918February 24, 2020) was an American mathematician and human computer whose calculations of orbital mechanics as a NASA employee were critical to the success of the first and subsequent U.S. crewed spaceflights.

Gladys Brown West (née Gladys Mae Brown; October 27, 1930, January 17, 2026) was an American mathematician.

Mādhava of Sangamagrāma (Mādhavan) () was an Indian mathematician and astronomer (jyotirvid) who founded the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics.

Friedrich Ludwig Gottlob Frege (; ; 8 November 1848-26 July 1925) was a German philosopher, logician, and mathematician.

Bertrand Arthur William Russell, 3rd Earl Russell (18 May 1872-2 February 1970), was an English philosopher, logician, mathematician, and social reformer.

Emil Leon Post (; February 11, 1897, April 21, 1954) was an American mathematician and logician.

Abraham Wald (; ; , ;, ) was a Hungarian-American mathematician and statistician who contributed to decision theory, geometry and econometrics, and founded the field of sequential analysis.

Giuseppe Piazzi (16 July 1746-22 July 1826) was an Italian Catholic priest of the Theatine order, mathematician, and astronomer.

John Couch Adams ( ; 5 June 1819-21 January 1892) was a British mathematician and astronomer.

Simon Newcomb (March 12, 1835, July 11, 1909) was a Canadian-American astronomer, applied mathematician, and autodidactic polymath.

Liu Hui () was a Chinese mathematician who published a commentary in 263 CE on Jiu Zhang Suan Shu (The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art).

Gerolamo Cardano (; also Girolamo or Geronimo; ; ; 24 September 1501, 21 September 1576) was an Italian polymath whose interests and proficiencies ranged through those of mathematician, physician, biologist, physicist, chemist, astrologer, astronomer, philosopher, music theorist, writer, and

Arthur Cayley (; 16 August 1821-26 January 1895) was an English mathematician who worked mostly on algebra.

George Boole ( ; 2 November 1815-8 December 1864) was an English mathematician and philosopher often credited with revolutionizing logic by transforming it from a philosophical study of language into a mathematical system of algebraic equations using binary values and logical operators.

Karl Theodor Wilhelm Weierstrass (; ; 31 October 1815-19 February 1897) was a German mathematician often cited as the "father of modern analysis". Despite leaving university without a degree, he studied mathematics and trained as a school teacher, eventually teaching mathematics, physics, botany

Julius Wilhelm Richard Dedekind (; ; 6 October 1831-12 February 1916) was a German mathematician who made important contributions to number theory, abstract algebra (particularly ring theory), and the axiomatic foundations of arithmetic.

Henri Léon Lebesgue (; ; June 28, 1875, July 26, 1941) was a French mathematician known for his theory of integration, which was a generalization of the 17th-century concept of integration-summing the area between an axis and the curve of a function defined for that axis.

Felix Christian Klein (; ; 25 April 1849-22 June 1925) was a German mathematician, mathematics educator and historian of mathematics, known for his work in group theory, complex analysis, non-Euclidean geometry, and the associations between geometry and group theory.

Hermann Minkowski (22 June 1864-12 January 1909) was a mathematician and professor at the University of Königsberg, ETH Zürich, and the University of Göttingen, described variously as German, Polish, Lithuanian-German, or Russian.

Marius Sophus Lie ( ; ; 17 December 1842-18 February 1899) was a Norwegian mathematician.

Johann Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet (; ; 13 February 1805-5 May 1859) was a German mathematician.

Giuseppe Peano (; ; 27 August 1858-20 April 1932) was an Italian mathematician and glottologist.

Stephen Cole Kleene ( ; January 5, 1909, January 25, 1994) was an American mathematician and logician.

Bernard Bolzano (, ; ; ; born Bernardus Placidus Johann Nepomuk Bolzano; 5 October 1781-18 December 1848) was a Bohemian mathematician, logician, philosopher, theologian and Catholic priest of Italian extraction, also known for his liberal views.

Richard Wesley Hamming (February 11, 1915, January 7, 1998) was an American mathematician whose work had many implications for computer engineering and telecommunications.

Stephen Arthur Cook (born December 14, 1939) is an American-Canadian computer scientist and mathematician who has made significant contributions to the fields of complexity theory and proof complexity.

Michael Ellis Fisher (3 September 1931-26 November 2021) was an English physicist, as well as chemist and mathematician, known for his many seminal contributions

Sir Michael James Lighthill (23 January 1924-17 July 1998) was a British applied mathematician, known for his pioneering work in the field of aeroacoustics and for writing the Lighthill report in 1973, which pessimistically stated that "In no part of the field (of AI) have the discoveries made so

Leopold Kronecker (; 7 December 1823-29 December 1891) was a German mathematician who worked on number theory, abstract algebra and logic, and criticized Georg Cantor's work on set theory.

Radhanath Sikdar (; 5 October 1813-17 May 1870) was an Indian mathematician and social reformer.

Hua Luogeng or Hua Loo-Keng (; 12 November 1910-12 June 1985) was a Chinese mathematician and politician famous for his contributions to number theory and for his role as the leader of mathematics research and education in the People's Republic of China.

Sir Ashutosh Mukherjee (anglicised, originally Asutosh Mukhopadhyay, also anglicised to Asutosh Mookerjee; 29 June 1864-25 May 1924) was an Indian mathematician, lawyer, jurist, judge, educator, and institution builder.

Stephen Shing-Toung Yau (; born 1952) is a Chinese-American mathematician.

Anatoli Georgievich Vitushkin () (June 25, 1931, May 9, 2004) was a Soviet mathematician noted for his work on analytic capacity and other parts of mathematical analysis.

Sergei Ivanovich Adian, also Adyan (; ; 1 January 1931-5 May 2020), was a Soviet and Armenian mathematician.

Zhu Xiping (born 1962 in Shixing, Guangdong) is a Chinese mathematician.

Hans Momsen (born 23 October 1735, Fahretoft, 13 September 1811, ibidem) was a North Frisian farmer, mathematician and astronomer who lived in the Duchy of Schleswig in Denmark-Norway.

Johannes Acronius Frisius (1520-18 October 1564) was a Dutch medical doctor and mathematician of the 16th century.

Md. Hanifuddin Miah (1 November 1929-11 March 2007) was a Bangladeshi physicist and mathematician.

Ilan Amit (;, ) was an Israeli mathematician, spiritual philosopher, and defence consultant.

Atle Selberg (14 June 1917-6 August 2007) was a Norwegian mathematician known for his work in analytic number theory and the theory of automorphic forms, and in particular for bringing them into relation with spectral theory.

Charles Louis Fefferman (born April 18, 1949) is an American mathematician at Princeton University, where he is currently the Herbert E. Jones, Jr.

David Bryant Mumford (born 11 June 1937) is an American mathematician known for his work in algebraic geometry and then for research into vision and pattern theory.

Enrico Bombieri (born 26 November 1940) is an Italian mathematician, known for his work in analytic number theory, Diophantine geometry, complex analysis, and group theory.

Gerd Faltings (; born 28 July 1954) is a German mathematician known for his work in arithmetic geometry.

Jean-Pierre Serre (; born 15 September 1926) is a French mathematician who has made contributions to algebraic topology, algebraic geometry and algebraic number theory.

John Willard Milnor (born February 20, 1931) is an American mathematician known for his work in differential topology, algebraic K-theory and low-dimensional holomorphic dynamical systems.

Lars Valerian Ahlfors (18 April 1907-11 October 1996) was a Finnish mathematician and the leading figure in complex analysis during the 20th century.

Manjul Bhargava (born 8 August 1974) is an Indian Canadian-American mathematician.

Sir Simon Kirwan Donaldson (born 20 August 1957) is an English mathematician known for his work on the topology of smooth (differentiable) four-dimensional manifolds, Donaldson-Thomas theory, and his contributions to Kähler geometry.

Stephen Smale (born July 15, 1930) is an American mathematician, known for his research in topology, dynamical systems and mathematical economics.

Sir William Timothy Gowers, (; born 20 November 1963) is a British mathematician.

Sir Vaughan Frederick Randal Jones (31 December 19526 September 2020) was a New Zealand mathematician known for his work on von Neumann algebras and knot polynomials.

William Paul Thurston (October 30, 1946August 21, 2012) was an American mathematician.

Sir Martin Hairer KBE FRS (born 14 November 1975) is an Austrian-British mathematician and mathematical physicist working in the field of stochastic analysis, in particular stochastic partial differential equations.

Vladimir Gershonovich Drinfeld (; born February 14, 1954), surname also romanized as Drinfel'd, is a mathematician from Ukraine, who immigrated to the US and works at the University of Chicago.

Jean Louis, baron Bourgain (;, ) was a Belgian mathematician.

Richard Ewen Borcherds (; born 29 November 1959) is a British mathematician currently working in quantum field theory.

Maxim Lvovich Kontsevich (, ; born 25 August 1964) is a Russian and French mathematician and mathematical physicist.

Infobox fields: Mathematics

Infobox fields: Mathematics

Infobox fields: Mathematics

Infobox fields: Mathematics

Infobox fields: Mathematics

Infobox fields: Mathematics

Infobox fields: Mathematics

Infobox fields: Mathematics

Infobox fields: Mathematics

Infobox fields: Mathematics

Infobox fields: Mathematics

Infobox fields: Calculus of variations ; Differential geometry

Infobox fields: Mathematics

Infobox fields: Mathematics

Infobox fields: Mathematics

Daniel Gray Quillen (June 22, 1940, April 30, 2011) was an American mathematician.

Grigory Aleksandrovich Margulis (, first name often given as Gregory, Grigori or Gregori; born February 24, 1946) is a Russian-American mathematician known for his work on lattices in Lie groups, and the introduction of methods from ergodic theory into diophantine approximation.

Jean-Christophe Yoccoz (29 May 1957-3 September 2016) was a French mathematician.

John Griggs Thompson (born October 13, 1932) is an American mathematician at the University of Florida noted for his work in the field of finite groups.

Klaus Friedrich Roth (29 October 1925-10 November 2015) was a German-born British mathematician who won the Fields Medal for proving Roth's theorem on the Diophantine approximation of algebraic numbers.

Pierre-Louis Lions (; born 11 August 1956) is a French mathematician.

Gerrit van der Mey (5 January 1914November 2002) was a deafblind Dutch mathematician.

Herbert Aaron Hauptman (February 14, 1917, October 23, 2011) was an American mathematician and Nobel laureate.

John Hasbrouck Van Vleck (; March 13, 1899, October 27, 1980) was an American physicist and mathematician who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1977 for his contributions to the understanding of the behavior of electronic magnetism in solids.

Otto von Guericke ( , ; ; spelled Gericke until 1666;, ) was a German scientist, inventor, mathematician, and physicist.

In mathematics and computer science, an algorithm ( ) is any well-defined set of instructions that when followed terminates after a finite number of steps that comprise a solution to a given computational problem.

In mathematics and formal logic, a theorem is a statement that has been proven, or can be proven.

Number theory is a branch of mathematics devoted primarily to the study of the integers and arithmetic functions.

James Hardy Wilkinson FRS (27 September 1919-5 October 1986) was a prominent figure in the field of numerical analysis, a field at the boundary of applied mathematics and computer science particularly useful to physics and engineering.

Abu Abdallah Muhammad b. Ahmad b. Muhammad Ibn Ghazi al-'Utmani al-Miknasi (1437-1513) was a Maghrebi scholar in the field of history, Islamic law, Arabic philology and mathematics.

was a French physicist and mathematician

was a Chinese astronomer, inventor, mathematician

was a Scottish landowner known as a mathematician

was a Timurid sultan, as well as an astronomer and mathematician

was a Maghrebi mathematician

was a Japanese mathematician

was a French mathematician

is a Vietnamese-French mathematician

is a French mathematician

was a Japanese mathematician

was a Swedish mathematician

is a Japanese mathematician

was a glazier and self-taught mathematician

was an English mathematician

is an English mathematician

was a Soviet and Russian mathematician

Omar Khayyam (1048-1131) was a Persian poet and polymath, known for his contributions to mathematics, astronomy, philosophy, and Persian literature.

Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan al-Ṭūsī (1201-1274), also known as Naṣīr al-Dīn al-Ṭūsī (Arabic: نصیر الدین الطوسی; Persian: نصیر الدین طوسی) or simply as (al-)Tusi, was a Persian polymath, architect, philosopher, physician, scientist, and theologian.

Abū Yūsuf Yaʻqūb ibn ʼIsḥāq aṣ-Ṣabbāḥ al-Kindī (; Arabic: أبو يوسف يعقوب بن إسحاق الصبّاح الكندي; Latin: Alkindus; c. 801-873 AD) was a Mesopotamian Arab polymath who was active as a philosopher, mathematician, physician, and music theorist.

He excelled in numerous fields including but not limited to mathematics, astronomy, cartography, geography, metallurgy, mechanical engineering, hydraulic engineering, poetry, and statesmanship.

Varāhamihira (c. 20/21 March 505, c. 587), also called Varāha or Mihira, was an ancient Indian mathematician and astronomer who lived in Ujjain (ancient Avanti region in present-day Madhya Pradesh, India.

Bhāskara II ([bʰɑːskərə]; c. 1114-1185), commonly known as Bhāskarāchārya (lit. 'Bhāskara the teacher'), was an Indian polymath, mathematician, and astronomer whose works represent the zenith of the classical Siddhānta school of Jyotiṣa (astronomy and applied mathematics-one of the six Vedāngas or auxiliary disciplines of Vedic scholarship).

Thābit ibn Qurra (full name: Abū al-Ḥasan Ṯābit ibn Qurra ibn Zahrūn al-Ḥarrānī al-Ṣābiʾ, Arabic: أبو الحسن ثابت بن قرة بن زهرون الحراني الصابئ, Latin: Thebit/Thebith/Tebit; 826 or 836, February 19, 901), was a pagan Sabian scholar known for his work in mathematics, medicine, astronomy, and translation.

In antiquity, Pythagoras was credited with mathematical and scientific discoveries, such as the Pythagorean theorem, Pythagorean tuning, the five regular solids, the theory of proportions, the sphericity of the Earth, the identity of the morning and evening stars as the planet Venus, and the division of the globe into five climatic zones.

Apollonius of Perga (Ancient Greek: Ἀπολλώνιος ὁ Περγαῖος Apollṓnios ho Pergaîos; c. 240 BC, c. 190 BC) was an ancient Greek geometer and astronomer known for his work on conic sections.

Agronomy, Astronomy, Archaeology, Anatomy, Antiquarianism, Mathematics, Pharmacology, Medical science, Entomology, Mineralogy, Music, Geomorphology, Sedimentology, Optical engineering, Soil science, Encyclopedism, Geomagnetics, Optics, Hydraulics, Hydraulic engineering, Mechanical engineering, Metallurgy, Metaphysics, Meteorology, Climatology, Cartography, Botany, Zoology, Economics, Finance, Military strategy, Ethnography, Divination, Art criticism, Philosophy, Poetry, Politics, Public Administration

An axiom, postulate, or assumption, is a statement that is taken to be true, to serve as a premise or starting point for further reasoning and arguments.

He is thus otherwise referred to as the first to have engaged in mathematics, science, and deductive reasoning.

Well-known and important concepts such as the Legendre polynomials and Legendre transformation are named after him.