Organic chemistry is the branch of chemistry that studies the structure, properties, composition, reactions and synthesis of carbon-containing compounds, which form the chemical basis of all known life as well as the majority of synthetic materials such as plastics, pharmaceuticals and fuels. The field's foundational moment is often traced to Friedrich Wohler's 1828 synthesis of urea, an organic compound, from inorganic starting materials, which undermined the then prevailing belief that organic compounds could only be produced by living organisms. Modern organic chemistry underpins the pharmaceutical and petrochemical industries and remains central to understanding biochemical processes within living cells.
Facts
Founded YearFriedrich Wohler 1828 synthesis of urea from inorganic starting materials, now called the Wohler synthesis, is commonly cited as founding organic chemistry by disproving the vital-force doctrine that organic compounds could arise only from living organisms. Central QuestionHow the bonding patterns of carbon give rise to the structural diversity and reactivity of organic compounds. 1 ScopeOrganic chemistry is a subdiscipline of chemistry studying the structure, properties and reactions of organic compounds and materials containing carbon. 1 SignificanceOrganic compounds form the basis of all known life and the majority of known chemicals, including pharmaceuticals, petrochemicals and plastics. 1 Connections
Founded By
Source Justus von Liebig (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist
Source Alan R. Battersby (Wikipedia)
Source Charles J. Pedersen (Wikipedia)
Source E. J. Corey (Wikipedia)
Source Ernest L. Eliel (Wikipedia)
Source Hans Fischer (Wikipedia)
Source Henry Gilman (Wikipedia)
Source Hermann Staudinger (Wikipedia)
Source Ian Heilbron (Wikipedia)
Source Marston T. Bogert (Wikipedia)
Source Muhammad Qudrat-i-Khuda (Wikipedia)
Source Osamu Shimomura (Wikipedia)
Source Paul Karrer (Wikipedia)
Source Robert Burns Woodward (Wikipedia)
Source Roger Adams (Wikipedia)
Source Usha Ranjan Ghatak (Wikipedia)
Source Vladimir Prelog (Wikipedia)
Source William A. Noyes (Wikipedia)
Source William Gould Young (Wikipedia)
Source William Lipscomb (Wikipedia)
Uses
The rotary evaporator removes solvent from a reaction mixture under reduced pressure, routine bench apparatus in organic-chemistry synthesis and workup.
Sources
1. Wikipedia: Organic chemistry
WikipediaLead section, definition sentence
Organic chemistry is a subdiscipline within chemistry involving the scientific study of the structure, properties, and reactions of organic compounds and organic materials
Lead section, scope sentence
The bonding patterns of carbon, with its valence of four
Lead section, closing sentence
Organic compounds form the basis of all known life and constitute the majority of known chemicals.
History
In 1828 Friedrich Wöhler produced the organic chemical urea (carbamide), a constituent of urine, from inorganic starting materials (the salts potassium cyanate and ammonium sulfate), in what is now called the Wöhler synthesis.
View the Source Justus von Liebig (Wikipedia)
WikipediaFounded By: Justus von Liebig, Introductory paragraphQuote, Founded By: Justus von Liebig, Introductory paragraph
he is considered one of the principal founders of organic chemistry
William Gould Young (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: William Gould Young, Infobox, fields
Infobox fields: Organic chemistry
Has Scientist: William Gould Young, Lead sentence
William Gould Young (July 30, 1902, July 5, 1980) was an American physical organic chemist and professor at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA).
View the SourceIan Heilbron (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Ian Heilbron, Infobox, fieldsQuote, Has Scientist: Ian Heilbron, Infobox, fields
Infobox fields: Organic chemistry
Marston T. Bogert (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Marston T. Bogert, Infobox, fieldsQuote, Has Scientist: Marston T. Bogert, Infobox, fields
Infobox fields: Organic Chemistry
Alan R. Battersby (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Alan R. Battersby, Infobox, fields
Infobox fields: Organic Chemistry; Natural Products
Has Scientist: Alan R. Battersby, Lead sentence
Sir Alan Rushton Battersby (4 March 1925-10 February 2018) was an English organic chemist best known for his work to define the chemical intermediates in the biosynthetic pathway to vitamin B12 and the reaction mechanisms of the enzymes involved.
View the SourceE. J. Corey (Wikipedia)
WikipediaHas Scientist: Elias James Corey, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Elias James Corey, Lead sentence
Elias James Corey (born July 12, 1928) is an American organic chemist.
Roger Adams (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Roger Adams, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Roger Adams, Lead sentence
Roger Adams (January 2, 1889, July 6, 1971) was an American organic chemist who developed the eponymous Adams' catalyst, and helped determine the composition of natural substances such as complex vegetable oils and plant alkaloids.
Ernest L. Eliel (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Ernest L. Eliel, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Ernest L. Eliel, Lead sentence
Ernest Ludwig Eliel (December 28, 1921, September 18, 2008) was an organic chemist born in Cologne, Germany.
Henry Gilman (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Henry Gilman, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Henry Gilman, Lead sentence
Henry Gilman (May 9, 1893, November 7, 1986) was an American organic chemist known as the father of organometallic chemistry.
William A. Noyes (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: William A. Noyes, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: William A. Noyes, Lead sentence
William Albert Noyes (November 6, 1857 - October 24, 1941) was an American analytical and organic chemist.
Muhammad Qudrat-i-Khuda (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Muhammad Qudrat-i-Khuda, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Muhammad Qudrat-i-Khuda, Lead sentence
Muhammad Qudrat-A-Khuda (1 December 1900-3 November 1977) was a Bangladeshi organic chemist, educationist and writer.
Usha Ranjan Ghatak (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Usha Ranjan Ghatak, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Usha Ranjan Ghatak, Lead sentence
Usha Ranjan Ghatak (26 February 1931-18 June 2005) was an Indian synthetic organic chemist, stereochemist and the director of the Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS).
Osamu Shimomura (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Osamu Shimomura, Infobox, fieldsQuote, Has Scientist: Osamu Shimomura, Infobox, fields
Infobox fields: Organic chemistry
Hans Fischer (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Hans Fischer, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Hans Fischer, Lead sentence
Hans Fischer (27 July 1881 - 31 March 1945) was a German organic chemist and the recipient of the 1930 Nobel Prize for Chemistry "for his researches into the constitution of haemin and chlorophyll and especially for his synthesis of haemin."
Paul Karrer (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Paul Karrer, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Paul Karrer, Lead sentence
Paul Karrer (21 April 1889-18 June 1971) was a Swiss organic chemist best known for his research on vitamins.
Hermann Staudinger (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Hermann Staudinger, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Hermann Staudinger, Lead sentence
Hermann Staudinger (; 23 March 1881-8 September 1965) was a German organic chemist who demonstrated the existence of macromolecules, which he characterized as polymers.
Robert Burns Woodward (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Robert Burns Woodward, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Robert Burns Woodward, Lead sentence
Robert Burns Woodward (April 10, 1917, July 8, 1979) was an American organic chemist, who is considered by many to be the preeminent synthetic organic chemist of the twentieth century.
Vladimir Prelog (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Vladimir Prelog, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Vladimir Prelog, Lead sentence
Vladimir Prelog (23 July 1906-7 January 1998) was a Croatian-Swiss organic chemist who received the 1975 Nobel Prize in chemistry for his research into the stereochemistry of organic molecules and reactions.
William Lipscomb (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: William Lipscomb, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: William Lipscomb, Lead sentence
William Nunn Lipscomb Jr. (December 9, 1919April 14, 2011) was a Nobel Prize-winning American inorganic and organic chemist working in nuclear magnetic resonance, theoretical chemistry, boron chemistry, and biochemistry.
Charles J. Pedersen (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Charles J. Pedersen, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Charles J. Pedersen, Lead sentence
Charles John Pedersen (, Yasui Yoshio, October 3, 1904, October 26, 1989) was an American organic chemist best known for discovering crown ethers and describing methods of synthesizing them during his entire 42-year career as a chemist for DuPont at DuPont Experimental Station in Wilmington,
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