Statistics is the science of collecting, summarizing, and interpreting numerical data, and of measuring how much uncertainty attaches to the conclusions drawn from it. It has several distinct roots rather than one, probability theory from the seventeenth century, state record keeping and social statistics in the eighteenth and nineteenth, and the mathematical framework for testing hypotheses that Ronald Fisher and Karl Pearson built in the early twentieth century, so no single founding year is recorded here. This description is adapted from Wikipedia contributors under CC BY-SA 4.0; changes were made. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Facts
Central QuestionSourced to the subject's own accountHow can a genuine underlying pattern be distinguished from mere chance variation in a limited sample of data, and how confidently can a conclusion drawn from that sample be generalized beyond it? 1 ScopeSourced to the subject's own accountStatistics is the discipline concerned with the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation and presentation of data, providing the methods used to draw reliable conclusions from data that contains random variation. 1 SignificanceSourced to the subject's own accountRonald Fisher's work in the 1920s and 1930s, including the design of experiments, analysis of variance and the concept of statistical significance itself, is widely credited with founding the discipline of modern statistics as practiced across the sciences today. 1 Disputed
Founded YearSourced to the subject's own accountKarl Pearson founded the journal Biometrika in 1901, commonly cited as marking statistics' emergence as its own mathematical discipline; Thomas Bayes's posthumously published 1763 essay is an earlier theoretical root, and Pearson did not found the world's first university statistics department, at University College London, until 1911. Connections
Founded By
Pearson founded the journal Biometrika in 1901, the year recorded as when the field was founded.
Source Statistics (Wikipedia)
Source Statistics (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist
Source Jerzy Neyman (MacTutor)
Source John Tukey (MacTutor)
Source Karl Pearson (MacTutor)
Source Thomas Bayes (MacTutor)
Has Theory
Source An Essay towards Solving a Problem in the Doctrine of ChancesThomas Bayes, communicated by Richard Price
Source On the Problem of the Most Efficient Tests of Statistical HypothesesJerzy Neyman and Egon Sharpe Pearson
Source On the Criterion that a Given System of Deviations from the Probable...Karl Pearson
Studies
Source Confidence Interval (Wikipedia)
Source Pearson Correlation Coefficient (Wikipedia)
Source Exploratory Data Analysis (Wikipedia)
Source P-value (Wikipedia)
Source Karl Pearson (MacTutor)
Sources
1. Statistics (Wikipedia)
WikipediaLead section
Statistics is the discipline that concerns the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of data.
- Part Of: Mathematics
- Founded By: Karl Pearson
- Founded By: Ronald Fisher
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