Josiah Willard Gibbs (1839 to 1903) was an American scientist whose 1876 to 1878 papers, titled "On the Equilibrium of Heterogeneous Substances," founded chemical thermodynamics, including the phase rule relating a system's degrees of freedom to its number of components and coexisting phases. The rule underlies every phase diagram materials science uses to predict which structures a given composition will form.
Facts
FieldChemical Thermodynamics 1 Field
Field (category) Connections
Associated With
Phase Diagram, Concepts Gibbs's phase rule, from his 1876 to 1878 papers on heterogeneous equilibrium, gave phase diagrams their theoretical foundation by relating phases, components and degrees of freedom.
Member Of
Source Josiah Willard Gibbs (Wikipedia)
Source Josiah Willard Gibbs (Wikipedia)
Proposed
Gibbs arrived at the same statistical connection independently of Boltzmann and gave the field its name; per Boltzmann's own MacTutor biography.
Source Ludwig Boltzmann (MacTutor)
Works In
Source J. Willard Gibbs (Britannica)
Gibbs's 1876 to 1878 papers founded chemical thermodynamics; his existing Works In edge to Materials Science, for the phase rule, is left untouched.
Source J. Willard Gibbs (Britannica)
In the Other Atlases
Nationality
Also in Geography Atlas: the nationality of this subject.
Sources
1. J. Willard Gibbs (Britannica)
Josiah Willard Gibbs (Wikipedia)
Member Of: Royal Society, Article text
In Europe, Gibbs was inducted as honorary member of the London Mathematical Society in 1892 and elected Foreign Member of the Royal Society in 1897. He was elected as correspondin
Member Of: National Academy of Sciences, Article text
He was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1879 and received the 1880 Rumford P
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