Biochemistry studies the chemical processes and substances occurring within living organisms, applying the methods of chemistry to biological questions such as how enzymes catalyse reactions, how cells extract energy from food, and how genetic information is encoded and expressed. It emerged as a distinct discipline from the late nineteenth century onward, as chemists including Emil Fischer began applying structural chemistry to sugars, proteins and other molecules of biological origin, work that itself extended the molecular stereochemistry Louis Pasteur had opened in 1848, and matured through the twentieth century with the discovery of metabolic pathways such as Hans Krebs's citric acid cycle. This atlas records its first dedicated foothold here in Fischer's lock and key model of enzyme specificity and Krebs's citric acid cycle, both wired to biology and chemistry as the discipline's parent fields.
Facts
Central QuestionBy what molecular mechanisms is genetic information transferred and gene expression regulated, a question sharpened by the discovery of RNA interference as a silencing pathway? 1 ScopeBiochemistry studies the chemical processes within and relating to living organisms, organized around three core areas: structural biology, enzymology and metabolism. 1 SignificanceThe word biochemistry is often credited to Carl Neuberg in 1903, though the discipline's founding figures worked earlier. Emil Fischer's studies of proteins and sugars, Friedrich Wohler's synthesis of an organic compound from inorganic starting materials, and Eduard Buchner's demonstration that fermentation could proceed outside a living cell together established that the chemistry of life follows the same laws as chemistry anywhere else. 1 Disputed
Founded YearThe German term Biochemie was already in use by 1877 through Felix Hoppe-Seyler, but biochemistry as a named, independent discipline is more often dated to Carl Neuberg's 1903 coinage of the modern term and the early 20th century institutional consolidation that followed, including the founding of the Biochemical Society in London in 1911. Connections
Associated With
Source Biochemical Society, About Us
Founded By
Source Wikipedia: Biochemistry
Has Scientist
Source Richard Kuhn (Wikipedia)
Source Richard Laurence Millington Synge (Wikipedia)
Source Robert Bruce Merrifield (Wikipedia)
Source Robert Huber (Wikipedia)
Source Robert W. Holley (Wikipedia)
Source Rodney Porter (Wikipedia)
Source Roger D. Kornberg (Wikipedia)
Source Ronald W. Davis, Wikipedia
Source Rudolf Jaenisch, Wikipedia
Source Selman Waksman (Wikipedia)
Source Severo Ochoa, Wikipedia
Source Stanford Moore (Wikipedia)
Source Stanley B. Prusiner (Wikipedia)
Source Stanley Cohen (Wikipedia)
Source Thomas A. Steitz (Wikipedia)
Source Thomas C. Sudhof (Wikipedia)
Source Vincent du Vigneaud (Wikipedia)
Source Virginijus Šikšnys (Wikipedia)
Source Walter Gilbert (Wikipedia)
Source William Howard Stein (Wikipedia)
Source William Lipscomb (Wikipedia)
Showing 51 to 71 of 71 in Has Scientist, page 2 of 2.
Has Theory
Source Adenosine Triphosphate (Wikipedia)
Source Alkoholische Garung ohne HefezellenEduard Buchner
Source Enzyme (Wikipedia)
Source Fermentation theory (Wikipedia)
Source Structure of Rhombohedral 2 Zinc Insulin CrystalsM. J. Adams, T. L. Blundell, E. J. Dodson, G. G. Dodson, M. Vijayan, E. N. Baker, M. M. Harding, Dorothy C. Hodgkin, B. Rimmer and S. Sheat
Source Metabolism (Wikipedia)
Source The Disulphide Bonds of InsulinA. P. Ryle, Frederick Sanger, L. F. Smith and Ruth Kitai
Source Protein Structure (Wikipedia)
Studies
Source Adenosine Triphosphate (Wikipedia)
Source Enzyme (Wikipedia)
Source Citric acid cycle (Wikipedia)
Source Metabolism (Wikipedia)
Source Polymerase Chain Reaction (Wikipedia)
Source Protein Structure (Wikipedia)
Uses
Source Gas Chromatography (Britannica)
NMR spectroscopy is a principal technique for determining protein and nucleic-acid structure in solution.
Source Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (Wikipedia)
Source Polymerase Chain Reaction (Wikipedia)
The ultracentrifuge spins samples at very high speed to separate macromolecules and organelles by sedimentation, developed by Theodor Svedberg in 1926 for biochemistry.
Sources
1. Wikipedia: Biochemistry
Wikipedialead
Biochemistry, or biological chemistry (distinct from chemical biology), is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms.
- Founded By: Emil Fischer
View the Source 2. Emil Fischer (Britannica)
Gas Chromatography (Britannica)
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (Wikipedia)
Polymerase Chain Reaction (Wikipedia)
Wikipedia- Uses: Thermal Cycler
- Studies: Polymerase Chain Reaction
View the Source Kary Mullis (Wikipedia)
Biochemical Society, About Us
Kamala Sohonie (Wikipedia)
WikipediaHas Scientist: Kamala Sohonie, IntroductionQuote, Has Scientist: Kamala Sohonie, Introduction
Kamala Sohonie (18 June 1911-28 June 1998) was an Indian biochemist who in 1939 became the first Indian woman to receive a PhD in a scientific discipline.
View the Source Alexander Oparin (Wikipedia)
WikipediaHas Scientist: Alexander Oparin, Infobox, fieldsQuote, Has Scientist: Alexander Oparin, Infobox, fields
Infobox fields: Biochemistry
View the Source Selman Waksman (Wikipedia)
WikipediaHas Scientist: Selman Waksman, Infobox, fieldsQuote, Has Scientist: Selman Waksman, Infobox, fields
Infobox fields: Biochemistry and microbiology
View the Source Hamilton O. Smith (Wikipedia)
WikipediaHas Scientist: Hamilton O. Smith, Infobox, fieldsQuote, Has Scientist: Hamilton O. Smith, Infobox, fields
Infobox fields: Molecular biology, biochemistry, genomics
View the Source Henrik Dam, Wikipedia
Has Scientist: Henrik Dam, Infobox, fieldsQuote, Has Scientist: Henrik Dam, Infobox, fields
Infobox fields: Biochemistry and physiology
View the Source Gerty Cori (Wikipedia)
WikipediaHas Scientist: Gerty Cori, Infobox, fieldsQuote, Has Scientist: Gerty Cori, Infobox, fields
Infobox fields: Biochemistry
View the Source Edward Calvin Kendall, Wikipedia
Has Scientist: Edward Kendall, Infobox, fieldsQuote, Has Scientist: Edward Kendall, Infobox, fields
Infobox fields: Biochemistry
View the Source Rudolf Jaenisch, Wikipedia
Has Scientist: Rudolf Jaenisch, Infobox, fieldsQuote, Has Scientist: Rudolf Jaenisch, Infobox, fields
Infobox fields: Biochemistry; Genetics; Medicine
View the Source Gerald Fink (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Gerald Fink, Infobox, fieldsQuote, Has Scientist: Gerald Fink, Infobox, fields
Infobox fields: Biochemistry, Genetics
View the Source Ronald W. Davis, Wikipedia
Has Scientist: Ronald W. Davis, Infobox, fieldsQuote, Has Scientist: Ronald W. Davis, Infobox, fields
Infobox fields: Biochemistry; Molecular Genetics; Genomics; Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome
View the Source Alec Todd (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Alexander R. Todd, Infobox, fieldsQuote, Has Scientist: Alexander R. Todd, Infobox, fields
Infobox fields: Chemistry, Biochemistry
View the Source Michael Grunstein, Wikipedia
Has Scientist: Michael Grunstein, Infobox, fieldsQuote, Has Scientist: Michael Grunstein, Infobox, fields
Infobox fields: Biological Chemistry
View the Source JoAnne Stubbe (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: JoAnne Stubbe, Infobox, fieldsQuote, Has Scientist: JoAnne Stubbe, Infobox, fields
Infobox fields: Biochemistry
View the Source Birendra Bijoy Biswas (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Birendra Bijoy Biswas, Infobox, fieldsQuote, Has Scientist: Birendra Bijoy Biswas, Infobox, fields
Infobox fields: Biochemistry
View the Source Bhabatarak Bhattacharyya (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Bhabatarak Bhattacharyya, Infobox, fieldsQuote, Has Scientist: Bhabatarak Bhattacharyya, Infobox, fields
Infobox fields: Structural biology ; Biochemistry
View the Source Stanley B. Prusiner (Wikipedia)
WikipediaHas Scientist: Stanley B. Prusiner, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Stanley B. Prusiner, Lead sentence
Stanley Ben Prusiner (born May 28, 1942) is an American neurologist and biochemist.
View the Source Har Gobind Khorana (Wikipedia)
WikipediaHas Scientist: Har Gobind Khorana, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Har Gobind Khorana, Lead sentence
Har Gobind Khorana (9 January 1922-9 November 2011) was an Indian-American biochemist.
View the Source Marshall W. Nirenberg (Wikipedia)
WikipediaHas Scientist: Marshall W. Nirenberg, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Marshall W. Nirenberg, Lead sentence
Marshall Warren Nirenberg (April 10, 1927, January 15, 2010) was an American biochemist and geneticist.
View the Source Robert W. Holley (Wikipedia)
WikipediaHas Scientist: Robert W. Holley, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Robert W. Holley, Lead sentence
Robert William Holley (January 28, 1922, February 11, 1993) was an American biochemist.
View the Source Luis Federico Leloir (Wikipedia)
WikipediaHas Scientist: Luis Federico Leloir, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Luis Federico Leloir, Lead sentence
Luis Federico Leloir (6 September 1906 - 2 December 1987) was an Argentine physician and biochemist who received the 1970 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his discovery of the metabolic pathways by which carbohydrates are synthesized and converted into energy in the body.
View the Source Paul Berg (Wikipedia)
WikipediaHas Scientist: Paul Berg, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Paul Berg, Lead sentence
Paul Berg (June 30, 1926, February 15, 2023) was an American biochemist and professor at Stanford University.
View the Source Walter Gilbert (Wikipedia)
WikipediaHas Scientist: Walter Gilbert, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Walter Gilbert, Lead sentence
Walter Gilbert (born March 21, 1932) is an American biochemist, physicist, molecular biology pioneer, and Nobel laureate.
View the Source Edward Adelbert Doisy (Wikipedia)
WikipediaHas Scientist: Edward Doisy, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Edward Doisy, Lead sentence
Edward Adelbert Doisy (November 13, 1893, October 23, 1986) was an American biochemist.
View the Source Carl Ferdinand Cori (Wikipedia)
WikipediaHas Scientist: Carl Cori, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Carl Cori, Lead sentence
Carl Ferdinand Cori, ForMemRS (December 5, 1896, October 20, 1984) was an Austrian-American biochemist and pharmacologist.
View the Source Severo Ochoa, Wikipedia
Has Scientist: Severo Ochoa, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Severo Ochoa, Lead sentence
Severo Ochoa de Albornoz (; 24 September 1905-1 November 1993) was a Spanish physician and biochemist, and winner of the 1959 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine together with Arthur Kornberg for their discovery of "the mechanisms in the biological synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)".
View the Source Arthur Kornberg, Wikipedia
Has Scientist: Arthur Kornberg, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Arthur Kornberg, Lead sentence
Arthur Kornberg (March 3, 1918, October 26, 2007) was an American biochemist who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1959 for the discovery of "the mechanisms in the biological synthesis of ribonucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic acid" together with Spanish biochemist and physician
View the Source Julius Axelrod - Wikipedia
Has Scientist: Julius Axelrod, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Julius Axelrod, Lead sentence
Julius Axelrod (May 30, 1912, December 29, 2004) was an American biochemist.
View the Source Wikipedia: Lynne E. Maquat
Has Scientist: Lynne E. Maquat, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Lynne E. Maquat, Lead sentence
Lynne Elizabeth Maquat is an American biochemist and molecular biologist whose research focuses on the cellular mechanisms of human disease.
View the Source Melvin Calvin (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Melvin Calvin, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Melvin Calvin, Lead sentence
Melvin Ellis Calvin (April 8, 1911, January 8, 1997) was an American biochemist known for discovering the Calvin cycle along with Andrew Benson and James Bassham.
View the Source Karl August Folkers (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Karl August Folkers, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Karl August Folkers, Lead sentence
Karl August Folkers (September 1, 1906, December 7, 1997) was an American biochemist who made major contributions to the isolation and identification of bioactive natural products.
View the Source Peter D. Mitchell (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Peter D. Mitchell, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Peter D. Mitchell, Lead sentence
Peter Dennis Mitchell FRS (29 September 1920 - 10 April 1992) was a British biochemist who was awarded the 1978 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his theory of the chemiosmotic mechanism of ATP synthesis.
View the Source Rodney Porter (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Rodney Robert Porter, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Rodney Robert Porter, Lead sentence
Rodney Robert Porter (8 October 1917-6 September 1985) was a British biochemist and Nobel laureate.
View the Source Richard Laurence Millington Synge (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Richard Synge, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Richard Synge, Lead sentence
Richard Laurence Millington Synge (28 October 1914-18 August 1994) was an English biochemist, and shared the 1952 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the invention of partition chromatography with Archer Martin.
View the Source Jens Christian Skou (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Jens C. Skou, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Jens C. Skou, Lead sentence
Jens Christian Skou (; 8 October 1918-28 May 2018) was a Danish biochemist and Nobel laureate.
View the Source Christian B. Anfinsen (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Christian B. Anfinsen, Infobox, fieldsQuote, Has Scientist: Christian B. Anfinsen, Infobox, fields
Infobox fields: Biochemistry
View the Source William Lipscomb (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: William Lipscomb, Infobox, fieldsQuote, Has Scientist: William Lipscomb, Infobox, fields
Infobox fields: Nuclear magnetic resonance; Theoretical chemistry; Boron chemistry; Biochemistry
View the Source Arthur Harden (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Arthur Harden, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Arthur Harden, Lead sentence
Sir Arthur Harden, FRS (12 October 1865-17 June 1940) was a British biochemist.
View the Source Hans von Euler-Chelpin (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Hans von Euler-Chelpin, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Hans von Euler-Chelpin, Lead sentence
Hans Karl August Simon Euler-Chelpin, since 28 July 1884 von Euler-Chelpin (15 February 1873-6 November 1964), was a German-born Swedish biochemist.
View the Source Richard Kuhn (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Richard Kuhn, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Richard Kuhn, Lead sentence
Richard Johann Kuhn (; 3 December 1900-31 July 1967) was an Austrian-German biochemist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1938 "for his work on carotenoids and vitamins".
View the Source Adolf Butenandt (Wikipedia)
WikipediaHas Scientist: Adolf Butenandt, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Adolf Butenandt, Lead sentence
Adolf Friedrich Johann Butenandt (; 24 March 1903, Lehe near Bremerhaven, 18 January 1995, Munich) was a German biochemist.
View the Source James B. Sumner (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: James B. Sumner, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: James B. Sumner, Lead sentence
James Batcheller Sumner (November 19, 1887, August 12, 1955) was an American biochemist.
View the Source John Howard Northrop (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: John Howard Northrop, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: John Howard Northrop, Lead sentence
John Howard Northrop (July 5, 1891, May 27, 1987) was an American biochemist who, with James Batcheller Sumner and Wendell Meredith Stanley, won the 1946 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
View the Source Arne Tiselius (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Arne Tiselius, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Arne Tiselius, Lead sentence
Arne Wilhelm Kaurin Tiselius (10 August 1902-29 October 1971) was a Swedish biochemist who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1948 "for his research on electrophoresis and adsorption analysis, especially for his discoveries concerning the complex nature of the serum proteins."
View the Source Vincent du Vigneaud (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Vincent du Vigneaud, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Vincent du Vigneaud, Lead sentence
Vincent du Vigneaud (May 18, 1901, December 11, 1978) was an American biochemist.
View the Source Stanford Moore (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Stanford Moore, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Stanford Moore, Lead sentence
Stanford Moore (September 4, 1913 - August 23, 1982) was an American biochemist.
View the Source William Howard Stein (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: William Howard Stein, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: William Howard Stein, Lead sentence
William Howard Stein (June 25, 1911 - February 2, 1980) was an American biochemist who collaborated in the determination of the ribonuclease sequence, as well as how its structure relates to catalytic activity, earning a Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1972 for his work.
View the Source Robert Bruce Merrifield (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Robert Bruce Merrifield, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Robert Bruce Merrifield, Lead sentence
Robert Bruce Merrifield (July 15, 1921, May 14, 2006) was an American biochemist who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1984 for the invention of solid phase peptide synthesis.
View the Source Johann Deisenhofer (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Johann Deisenhofer, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Johann Deisenhofer, Lead sentence
Johann Deisenhofer (; born September 30, 1943) is a German biochemist who, along with Hartmut Michel and Robert Huber, received the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1988 for their determination of the first crystal structure of an integral membrane protein, a membrane-bound complex of proteins and
View the Source Robert Huber (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Robert Huber, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Robert Huber, Lead sentence
Robert Huber (; born 20 February 1937) is a German biochemist and Nobel laureate.
View the Source Hartmut Michel (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Hartmut Michel, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Hartmut Michel, Lead sentence
Hartmut Michel (; born 18 July 1948) is a German biochemist, who received the 1988 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for determination of the first crystal structure of an integral membrane protein, a membrane-bound complex of proteins and co-factors that is essential to photosynthesis.
View the Source Paul D. Boyer (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Paul D. Boyer, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Paul D. Boyer, Lead sentence
Paul Delos Boyer (July 31, 1918, June 2, 2018) was an American biochemist, analytical chemist, and a professor of chemistry at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA).
View the Source Avram Hershko (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Avram Hershko, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Avram Hershko, Lead sentence
Avram Hershko (, ; born December 31, 1937) is a Hungarian-born Israeli biochemist who received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2004.
View the Source Roger D. Kornberg (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Roger D. Kornberg, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Roger D. Kornberg, Lead sentence
Roger David Kornberg (born April 24, 1947) is an American biochemist and professor of structural biology at Stanford University School of Medicine.
View the Source Thomas A. Steitz (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Thomas A. Steitz, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Thomas A. Steitz, Lead sentence
Thomas Arthur Steitz (August 23, 1940, October 9, 2018) was an American biochemist, a Sterling Professor of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry at Yale University, and investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, best known for his pioneering work on the ribosome.
View the Source Arieh Warshel (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Arieh Warshel, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: Arieh Warshel, Lead sentence
Arieh Warshel (; born November 20, 1940) is an Israeli-American biochemist and biophysicist.
View the Source James Rothman (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: James Rothman, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Scientist: James Rothman, Lead sentence
James Edward Rothman (born November 3, 1950) is an American biochemist.
View the Source Fermentation theory (Wikipedia)
Has Theory: Fermentation theory, Lead sentenceQuote, Has Theory: Fermentation theory, Lead sentence
In biochemistry, fermentation theory refers to the historical study of models of natural fermentation processes, especially alcoholic and lactic acid fermentation.
View the Source Ernst Boris Chain (Wikipedia)
WikipediaHas Scientist: Ernst Boris Chain, LeadQuote, Has Scientist: Ernst Boris Chain, Lead
was a German-born British biochemist
View the Source Cesar Milstein (Wikipedia)
WikipediaHas Scientist: César Milstein, LeadQuote, Has Scientist: César Milstein, Lead
was an Argentine biochemist
View the Source Michiyo Tsujimura (Wikipedia)
WikipediaHas Scientist: Michiyo Tsujimura, LeadQuote, Has Scientist: Michiyo Tsujimura, Lead
was a Japanese agricultural scientist and biochemist
View the Source Virginijus Šikšnys (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Virginijus Šikšnys, LeadQuote, Has Scientist: Virginijus Šikšnys, Lead
is a Lithuanian biochemist
View the Source Thomas C. Sudhof (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Thomas C. Sudhof, LeadQuote, Has Scientist: Thomas C. Sudhof, Lead
is a German-American biochemist
View the Source Allan Wilson (biologist) (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Allan Wilson, LeadQuote, Has Scientist: Allan Wilson, Lead
was a New Zealand biologist and biochemist
View the Source Stanley Cohen (Wikipedia)
WikipediaHas Scientist: Stanley Cohen, LeadQuote, Has Scientist: Stanley Cohen, Lead
was an American biochemist
View the Source Michael Smith (chemist) (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Michael Smith, LeadQuote, Has Scientist: Michael Smith, Lead
was a British-Canadian biochemist
View the Source Haseena Khan (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist: Haseena Khan, Infobox: fieldsQuote, Has Scientist: Haseena Khan, Infobox: fields
Genetics, Biochemistry
View the Source Enzyme (Wikipedia)
WikipediaHas Theory: Enzyme, Lead, sentence 1Quote, Has Theory: Enzyme, Lead, sentence 1
An enzyme is a biological macromolecule, usually a protein, that acts as a biological catalyst, accelerating chemical reactions without being consumed in the process.
View the Source Metabolism (Wikipedia)
WikipediaHas Theory: Metabolism, Lead, sentence 1Quote, Has Theory: Metabolism, Lead, sentence 1
Metabolism (, from Greek μεταβολή (metabolē) 'change') refers to the set of life-sustaining chemical reactions that occur within living organisms.
View the Source Protein Structure (Wikipedia)
WikipediaHas Theory: Protein Structure, Lead, sentence 1Quote, Has Theory: Protein Structure, Lead, sentence 1
Protein structure is the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in an amino acid-chain molecule.
View the Source Adenosine Triphosphate (Wikipedia)
WikipediaHas Theory: Adenosine Triphosphate, Lead, sentence 1Quote, Has Theory: Adenosine Triphosphate, Lead, sentence 1
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a nucleoside triphosphate that provides free energy of approximately 58 kJ/mol (0.6 eV) to drive and support many processes in living cells, such as muscle contraction, nerve impulse propagation, and chemical synthesis.
View the Source Citric acid cycle (Wikipedia)
Studies: Krebs Cycle, Lead, sentence 1Quote, Studies: Krebs Cycle, Lead, sentence 1
The citric acid cycle-also known as the Krebs cycle, Szent-Györgyi-Krebs cycle, or TCA cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle), is a series of biochemical reactions that release the energy stored in nutrients through acetyl-CoA oxidation.
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