Geology is the scientific study of Earth's solid materials, structure, and history, including the processes that have shaped its surface and interior over time.
Facts
Founded YearJames Hutton's Theory of the Earth (1795) is commonly cited as founding modern geology and uniformitarianism; Hutton had outlined the same theory earlier, in 1785 papers to the Royal Society of Edinburgh published in 1788. Central QuestionHow can the rock record be read to reconstruct the physical history and internal structure of a planet across deep time? 2 ScopeGeology studies the Earth and other astronomical bodies, the rocks of which they are composed, and the processes by which they change over time. 2 SignificanceEighteenth century Scottish physician James Hutton established the principle of uniformitarianism, summarized as the present is the key to the past, giving geology its founding method for reading deep time from rock strata. The field's reach into hydrology, Earth system science and planetary science broadened greatly in the twentieth century once radiometric dating made absolute, rather than merely relative, ages of rock possible. 2 Connections
Associated With
Source Geological Society of London (Wikipedia)
Founded By
Source Geology (Wikipedia)
Has Scientist
Source Alfred Wegener (Britannica)
Source Charles Lyell (Wikipedia)
Source James Hutton (Wikipedia)
Source Marie Tharp (Wikipedia)
Source William Smith, geologist (Wikipedia)
Has Theory
Source Continental Drift (Britannica)
Source Faunal Succession (Wikipedia)
Source Uniformitarianism (Wikipedia)
Studies
Source Fossil (Wikipedia)
Source James Hutton (Britannica)
Source James Hutton (Britannica)
Source James Hutton (Britannica)
Source James Hutton (Britannica)
First identified in the mineral ilmenite (Gregor, 1791) and rediscovered in rutile ore (Klaproth, 1795).
Source Titanium (Wikipedia)
Uses
Source John Milne (Britannica)
Sources
1. James Hutton (Britannica)
2. Geology (Wikipedia)
WikipediaLead section
Geology is a branch of natural science concerned with the Earth and other astronomical bodies, the rocks of which they are composed, and the processes by which they change over time.
- Founded By: James Hutton
View the Source Continental Drift (Britannica)
Alfred Wegener (Britannica)
John Milne (Britannica)
Titanium (Wikipedia)
Wikipedia: Volcanology
Geological Society of London (Wikipedia)
Marie Tharp (Wikipedia)
WikipediaHas Scientist: Marie Tharp, IntroductionQuote, Has Scientist: Marie Tharp, Introduction
Marie Tharp (July 30, 1920, August 23, 2006) was an American geologist and oceanographic cartographer. In the 1950s, she collaborated with geologist Bruce Heezen to produce the first scientific map of the Atlantic Ocean floor.
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